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According to Pavel, climate change, population growth and the possible threat of migration are the top non-military threats.

"From a military point of view, the danger is in the ‘very assertive’ policy of the Russian leadership. This policy does not yet have an exact goal, but judging from the words of the Russian leadership, Russia must regain its influence and pride. But it is not clear how far Russia might go to achieve this goal," Pavel said.

"Over the last few years, we’ve been concerned about the emphasis on the development of potential of the Russian armed forces and their use. And, of course, it would be very short-sighted to underestimate the threat or try to treat it as a marginal one, or one that does not concern us directly," Pavel said.

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"I think that a second serious threat to the world is the rise of Islamic extremism, which is now personified by the Islamist terrorist group ‘Islamic State,’" he said.